
The Novel Nobody Wanted, Printed at the Author's Expense
How Du côté de chez Swann went from rejection to canonical masterwork in four years
Novels
Part One
The works themselves — what was written, when, under what pressure, and what happened the morning after publication.


How Du côté de chez Swann went from rejection to canonical masterwork in four years
Novels

Madame Bovary was serialised in the Revue de Paris in 1856 and prosecuted for outrage to public morality in January 1857; Flaubert was acquitted.
Novels

Voltaire disowned Candide at publication in 1759 and the book was banned in Geneva the same month.
Novels


Gallimard's NRF cover — cream paper, black type, a crimson rule — was established in 1911 and has been modified only in small typographic details since.
Novels
